The term kargir building means a structure made of stone and brick, built with load-bearing walls and materials such as stone, brick, briquette, and mortar.
Historically, kargir structures have formed the backbone of urban architecture, standing out with advantages such as fire resistance, thermal and acoustic insulation, and long lifespan. However, not every masonry building is the same; the quality of mortar, wall bonding, foundation solution, and moisture insulation determine performance, making proper detailing and workmanship crucial. The Kargir - Kâgir - Masonry system can be applied from single-story warehouses to multi-story apartments, but load-bearing layout planning and earthquake safety must be considered from the start. In everyday language, the term has taken on a different meaning. When people hear “kargir building,” they often imagine an old, stone, or brick structure that looks somewhat worn out. So even though its technical meaning is different, “kargir building” today often suggests an old-fashioned or outdated structure. Thus, when someone mentions a “kargir building,” most people think of a historical, old, or near-derelict building.
Kargir Building Materials and Durability
The key characteristic of kargir buildings is the use of mineral-based materials, strong in compression, laid in regular patterns to form walls. Solid bricks, hollow bricks, stone, and aerated concrete blocks are built with suitable mortar to achieve monolithic behavior. Although compressive strength is high, tensile and shear resistance are low, so vertical and horizontal tie beams, ring beams, and connecting elements are used to make the walls act together. Lintels above doors and windows must be properly dimensioned, and floor-to-wall connections secured with anchors or shear keys. Waterproofing at the foundation and plinth level is essential to prevent moisture and salt damage. Fire resistance is generally high in kargir structures; even when exposed to high heat, walls can retain their load-bearing capacity for long periods. Due to their thermal mass, they keep interiors cool in summer and mild in winter, contributing to energy efficiency.
Is a Kargir Building Still Preferred
Choosing a kargir building makes sense in urban areas where noise and fire safety are priorities; however, in earthquake zones, reinforced structural layouts and hybrid systems are preferred. 1 Proper detailing, clean joints, and quality mortar improve wall continuity. 2 Compared to wooden and steel frame structures, masonry systems are heavier, making foundation design and soil analysis more critical. 3 Maintenance focuses on joint renewal, crack injection, drainage, and humidity control-proper maintenance can ensure centuries of service life. When the permanence of stone and brick is combined with modern engineering, kargir buildings offer safe, quiet, energy-balanced, and aesthetic solutions. With proper design, skilled workmanship, and consistent maintenance, kargir structures continue to stand as sustainable options meeting today’s architectural needs.
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